A preliminary guide to produce vanilla in Papua New Guinea

Abstract

Preliminary information on vanilla production intended for vanilla growers in Papua New Guinea is outlined below. It reports on trials done at Keravat Lowland Agricultural Experiment Station, Pacific Island countries where vanilla is grown, and experiences of farmers on the Gazelle Peninsula. Vanilla is a tropical climbing plant belonging to the Orchidaeceae family. Two species are of economic importance, Vanilla planifolia and V. tahitensis. Vanilla is native to Central America and was introduced to Papua New Guinea and other Pacific Islands during the 19th century. It grows well under moist, humid and shady conditions from sea level to about 600 m altitude. It requires light friable and well-watered soil but not water-logged and drained areas. When farming vanilla, it is advisable to grow on support trees which will also provide shade. Propagation is by cuttings of 80-100 cm. Cuttings should be planted at 2.5 m between and within rows depending on spacing of shade trees. Pollination is by hand and to produce commercially viable beans it must be done carefully.